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Common stainless steel in life, what is the difference between 304, 304L, 316, 316L stainless steel?

304, 304L, 316, 316L, these are called "brands" of stainless steel. Different grades of stainless steel have different proportions of substances contained in them-the metal properties are also different.

I would like to answer the question in this topic in two parts: the difference between "L" and "L" in the grade; the difference between 304 stainless steel and 316 stainless steel.

"L" in the grade

First of all, we have to understand a term called "intergranular corrosion". Refers to the precipitation of carbides during the welding of metals at high temperatures.

After the precipitation of carbides, it will affect the stability of the welding-more terrible is that the intergranular corrosion can not be distinguished from the appearance.

In other words, after welding of ordinary metals, the welding may be weak due to the existence of intergranular corrosion. And this kind of infirmity can only be seen after the external force causes the welding to break-it is only found after breaking, it is a bit too late!

In order to prevent the occurrence of intergranular corrosion, we must reprocess ordinary metals-that is, reduce the content of carbides in the metal. If the content is less, it is naturally not easy to precipitate due to heat.

This kind of metal with reduced carbide content will be added with an "L" after the brand name-304L stainless steel, which is the product of 304 stainless steel after carbide reduction, in addition to preventing intergranular corrosion, the performance is the same as 304 stainless steel Same; 316L stainless steel is the same.

Metals with reduced carbides are more resistant to high temperatures, not only for metals used in some ultra-high temperature environments when welding but also need to use "L".